Feb 18, 2022 · Widely used Content Management Systems (CMS), such as Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal and others are welcome targets for hack attempts. Every once in a while, such a CMS is hacked - mostly due to vulnerability exploits. In most cases, the person to blame is actually the webmaster/site administrator of the affected CMS: Leaving a web application un ... WordFence couldn't detect the suspected malware lock360.php and it has hidden in my cPanel, continue to replicate. I have to running Linux command lines to detect and to delete it. WordFence requested me to send them lock360.php file and I did 2 days ago. But up to the time of writing they haven't replied me. I expect to clean the cPanel myself.Jan 23, 2022 · Because all my custom code in .htaccess is going bye bye ….and this happens FAST after I upload one. Block PHP files in the content directory. This directory is by default /wp-content, but you can easily define it to be elsewhere, e.g. by simply setting the WP_CONTENT_DIR / WP_CONTENT_URL constants, so adjust the config accordingly. location ~* /wp-content/.*.php$ { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; }A few ways in which the backdoor PHP script can be misused are: adding or modifying arbitrary posts on the site; Infecting all WordPress websites on the server; Creating new PHP files on the server with code dynamically fetched from ApiWord’s domain; The ApiWord malware adds code snippets to the wp-includes/post.php file.Apr 9, 2021 · 2. I am editing the .htacess file in cpannel using the c-pannel editor. 3. To be sure i completely removed the addon domain and again added it, But as soon as the addon domain folder gets created, even the htaccess file is getting created automatically (not yet added the website content). 4. Jun 17, 2021 · This is caused by webshell, your wordpress must have some of these lock360.php or radio.php files, it does this so that if someone else sends a shell or some malicious script it doesn't run and only its shell is executed, probably your website is being sold in some dark spam market WordPress keeps creating index.php and .htaccess files and changes permission to 0444. I have to fix a website that is infected with malware. When I try to access to the WP Admin it says "to many redirects". Hosting company did a scan, there were to many infected files.Thank you for the prompt response. I don't think so as we have tired the same by rename the htaccess file. Even we have created a subdomain and there is no any htaccess file.Feb 9, 2022 · Hi. I have discovered this code in the .htaccess file. I delete the code but it comes back. If I can remove this it will go a large way towards clearing some of the problems. Predictive activity analysis of Lock360 in social media, private forums, chat rooms, and darknet markets.@sterndata This is what I see for my dashboard. Skip to main content Skip to toolbar Dashboard Dashboard Home Updates 20 Posts Posts All Posts Add New Categories Tags Media Media Library Add New Pages Pages All Pages Add New Comments 00 Comments in moderation Appearance Appearance Themes Customise Widgets Menus Header Background newshop-ecommerce 6 Install Plugins Header Background Theme ...phpViruses. Some PHP Shell and backdoors i found recently. Story. One of my sites attacked by a set of viruses named "Japanese Virus" Recently. a jobless guy used a hole in my site and uploaded several shells and backdoors in directories. after many attempts to detect and delete them, i download entire site and use VS Code search for 'eval', 'base64' and some other common used statements in ...May 16, 2020 · Cómo funciona lock360.php. Como ya dije no entiendo mucho de php pero ahí lo dejo. Aparentemente hackearon la web por medio de un plugin sin soporte, se creaba un archivo lock360.php en el directorio raíz que a su vez creaba el wp-m.php, con el cual modificaban el acceso a las carpetas, \wp-includes\Requests\Auth para crear una copia del ... Posts. If you see these hidden hacker plugins: wp-dester or wp-dest and wpyii2 under your WordPress /plugins/ folder then you need to check the Cron tool in your hosting account for a malicious hacker cron job. Delete these hacker plugins first then delete the malicious cron job. Also delete this folder in your hosting account root folder ...Action Hook: Fires following the ‘Email’ field in the user registration form. Source: wp-login.php:1101. Used by 0 functions | Uses 0 functions. Mark Da Cunha is Bahamian wedding, portrait, event, real estate, and commercial photographer with over two decades of experience. I’m a Bahamas based professional photographer focusing on destination wedding, portrait and event photography. I’ve photographed well over 200 weddings in a career spanning 10 plus years. OK, first check if mod_access in installed to apache, then add the following to your .htaccess: Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 <Files /index.php> Order Allow,Deny Allow from all </Files>. The first directive forbids access to any files except from localhost, because of Order Deny,Allow, Allow gets applied later, the second ...Support » Fixing WordPress » wp-admin page forbidden 403 wp-admin page forbidden 403 simplysena (@simplysena) 2 years, 7 months ago I am trying to get on my wordpress admin page, howeve…index.php; header.php; footer.php; function.php; If modified, these files can usually adversely affect all page requests, making them high targets for bad actors. Leverage the Community. We often forget but we’re a community based platform, this means that if you’re in trouble someone in the community is likely to give a lending hand.How to stop lock360.php. Is there any way to stop lock360.php, the malware backdoor php, be infected? It happens from time to time found on wp-admin/maint/ on scanning. The topic ‘How to stop lock360.php’ is closed to new replies.saya coba hapus samua akun domain ini di WHM, kemudian saya buat lagi akun dengan domain yang sama di WHM yang sama, web bisa kembali normal. namun 3 jam kemudian script aneh itu masuk lagi ke file index.php saya pethatikan .htaccess yang semula permisionnya saya setting 404 sudah berubah...Apr 25, 2022 · Posts. If you see these hidden hacker plugins: wp-dester or wp-dest and wpyii2 under your WordPress /plugins/ folder then you need to check the Cron tool in your hosting account for a malicious hacker cron job. Delete these hacker plugins first then delete the malicious cron job. Also delete this folder in your hosting account root folder ... Jan 28, 2021 · →index.php ・作業はFTPソフトからではなく、さくらレンタルサーバーのコントールパネル内のファイルマネージャーから作業 ・パーミッションが「444」になっていたので「644」に変更した。 ・書き換えられた2つのファイルを正しく書き直す。 Hi. I have discovered this code in the .htaccess file. I delete the code but it comes back. If I can remove this it will go a large way towards clearing some of the problems.Also backup your WordPress files before you attempt these steps or try on dev site first. Video Index: 00:00 - Intro 04:11 - Setup 05:11 - Tip # 1: Protect Core WP Files 07:22 - Tip # 2: Prevent Username Enumeration 08:34 - Tip # 3: Prevent Direct Access to Plugins and Themes Folders 10:47 - Tip # 4: Prevent PHP files in WP Uploads folder 12:49 ... 全てのドメインで発生しています。. という表示が出たり、403エラーの画面になってしまいます。. パーミッションの問題と出ているのですが、サーバー画面からwp-configのパーミッションを400に変更しても解決しません。. また、一部サイト内のリンクが (about ...Block PHP files in the content directory. This directory is by default /wp-content, but you can easily define it to be elsewhere, e.g. by simply setting the WP_CONTENT_DIR / WP_CONTENT_URL constants, so adjust the config accordingly. location ~* /wp-content/.*.php$ { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; }Those redirects will rely on the function RewriteRule and will sometimes be preceeded by the conditions set by RewriteCond, just as a default .htaccess file would do. This can make spotting those bad codes hard for users that aren’t familiar with the website’s configuration. Examples of this type of malware are (URLs were invalid): 1. 2. 3 ...index.phpやabout.phpにアクセスがあると. l.phpを動かして. .htaccessファイルを上書きするようになってたから. ブログにアクセスがあるうちは作業できないと思います。. そんでこっからがMAX恐ろしい！. 同じサーバー内で展開してた5つのブログが. 軒並み汚染され ...A few ways in which the backdoor PHP script can be misused are: adding or modifying arbitrary posts on the site; Infecting all WordPress websites on the server; Creating new PHP files on the server with code dynamically fetched from ApiWord’s domain; The ApiWord malware adds code snippets to the wp-includes/post.php file.Oct 30, 2022 · UMAR-MOBITSOLUTIONS Asks: Files in my web directory creating automatically after deletion .htaccess and index.php I am facing a strange issue today, in my web directory "index.php" and ".htaccess" files are creating automatically, when i delete them they are created automatically again with old file creation datetime see screenshot below: A few ways in which the backdoor PHP script can be misused are: adding or modifying arbitrary posts on the site; Infecting all WordPress websites on the server; Creating new PHP files on the server with code dynamically fetched from ApiWord’s domain; The ApiWord malware adds code snippets to the wp-includes/post.php file.See full list on blog.sucuri.net @sterndata This is what I see for my dashboard. Skip to main content Skip to toolbar Dashboard Dashboard Home Updates 20 Posts Posts All Posts Add New Categories Tags Media Media Library Add New Pages Pages All Pages Add New Comments 00 Comments in moderation Appearance Appearance Themes Customise Widgets Menus Header Background newshop-ecommerce 6 Install Plugins Header Background Theme ...東京内のこれからの踊りイベント全件 [Coming-inside-Tokyo-h] 次の地図に、下の表の番号と日付を 本日開催分 (5等)のみ 表示します。. 東京全域の開催地点を区ごとに色分けしています。. 数字は開始日の日付です。. ≪GPS対応のスマホ用地図を開くにはここを ...WordPress security keys, also called SALTs, encrypt information stored in browser cookies. That way, they protect passwords and other sensitive information. The keys themselves are phrases used to randomize that information and stored inside wp-config.php where it says this:Has anyone had this problem with their wordpress? files are being uploaded etc.? about.php|radio.php|index.php|content.php|lock360.php|admin.php|wp-login.ph... Check folders for malicious files on your web server. 1. Download a fresh copy of the latest WordPress and store it on your hard disk. 2. Now browse the WordPress files in the various folders on your hard disk to get a feel and awareness of the files which are generally included in a typical WordPress installation. 3.→index.php ・作業はFTPソフトからではなく、さくらレンタルサーバーのコントールパネル内のファイルマネージャーから作業 ・パーミッションが「444」になっていたので「644」に変更した。 ・書き換えられた2つのファイルを正しく書き直す。https://www.facebook.com/hostingmexicogratisEn este video aprenderás como limpiar tu sitio WordPress si es que ha sido hackeado, de una forma rápida y sencil...4. Best-for-now Legacy Browser Frame Breaking Script. Another efficient way to stop Clickjacking is to use the “frame-breaker” script. This script prevents a webpage from being framed in legacy browsers. For this method to work, you need to include this script on each page that is not supposed to be framed.Mar 24, 2023 · RewriteRule . /index.php [L] used clamv and scanned the whole server got one file infected so deleted it. idk if this is a virus or issue in the server Sandeep March 24, 2023, 8:32pm WordPress security keys, also called SALTs, encrypt information stored in browser cookies. That way, they protect passwords and other sensitive information. The keys themselves are phrases used to randomize that information and stored inside wp-config.php where it says this: Aug 27, 2009 · OK, first check if mod_access in installed to apache, then add the following to your .htaccess: Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 <Files /index.php> Order Allow,Deny Allow from all </Files>. The first directive forbids access to any files except from localhost, because of Order Deny,Allow, Allow gets applied later, the second ... Posts. If you see these hidden hacker plugins: wp-dester or wp-dest and wpyii2 under your WordPress /plugins/ folder then you need to check the Cron tool in your hosting account for a malicious hacker cron job. Delete these hacker plugins first then delete the malicious cron job. Also delete this folder in your hosting account root folder ...Feb 22, 2022 · We have the PHP code from lock360.php (retrieved from the process' memory) and can create lock360.php ourselves We have the access logs and can see GET requests on lock360.php - including the password (pwd163) and the action to execute (zzz) 2 years, 9 months ago. wordpress website create .htaccess files automatic in all folder. this is code How to solve this problem? <FilesMatch “. (py|exe|php)$”>. Order allow,deny. Deny from all. </FilesMatch>. <FilesMatch “ (about.php|radio.php|index.php|content.php|lock360.php)$”>. Order allow,deny.UMAR-MOBITSOLUTIONS Asks: Files in my web directory creating automatically after deletion .htaccess and index.php I am facing a strange issue today, in my web directory "index.php" and ".htaccess" files are creating automatically, when i delete them they are created automatically again with old file creation datetime see screenshot below:Feb 7, 2022 · A few ways in which the backdoor PHP script can be misused are: adding or modifying arbitrary posts on the site; Infecting all WordPress websites on the server; Creating new PHP files on the server with code dynamically fetched from ApiWord’s domain; The ApiWord malware adds code snippets to the wp-includes/post.php file. Forbidden403はhtaccessの改ざん！. Forbiddenと表示された場合は、 htaccessの改ざんか、ファイルのパーミッションが変わっていないかを疑ってください！. と言っても、昨日まで普通に表示されていたのに急に表示されなくなってしまったという場合なので、ほぼ ...Aug 29, 2021 · To fix the Sucuri problem go to the Sucuri Settings page, click the Hardening tab and click the Revert Hardening button for the Block PHP Files in WP-CONTENT Directory option setting. To fix the Defender Security problem go to the Security Tweaks page, click the PHP Execution option setting and click the Revert button. Open the online MD5 generator enter the password you want to use and click “Hash”. Copy the generated string and replace the original password with it. In phpMyAdmin, you can edit the field by double-clicking on it. The procedure is similar to other MySQL clients.The first POST was likely used to upload the lock360.php file, the second POST to launch the process using the php command. Screenshot of about.php (partial) A few seconds later, the very first access to lock360.php uses a GET action "check", which seems to be a helper function to verify, whether the process was started or not..htacces、about.php、content.php、lock360.php、wp-info.phpと、一部の(不審な)index.phpがアクセスされても動作しないように変更されたようだ。 このときに、ドメインBのプラグイン型WebShell(1)と、imgディレクトリなどに隠された一部の不正ファイルが残ってしまったようだ。Grow your business. The Wave Content to level up your business.; Partners Work with a partner to get up and running in the cloud, or become a partner. Find a partner Become a partner Hi. I have discovered this code in the .htaccess file. I delete the code but it comes back. If I can remove this it will go a large way towards clearing some of the problems.Oct 30, 2022 · UMAR-MOBITSOLUTIONS Asks: Files in my web directory creating automatically after deletion .htaccess and index.php I am facing a strange issue today, in my web directory "index.php" and ".htaccess" files are creating automatically, when i delete them they are created automatically again with old file creation datetime see screenshot below: Cómo funciona lock360.php. Como ya dije no entiendo mucho de php pero ahí lo dejo. Aparentemente hackearon la web por medio de un plugin sin soporte, se creaba un archivo lock360.php en el directorio raíz que a su vez creaba el wp-m.php, con el cual modificaban el acceso a las carpetas, \wp-includes\Requests\Auth para crear una copia del ...We have the PHP code from lock360.php (retrieved from the process' memory) and can create lock360.php ourselves We have the access logs and can see GET requests on lock360.php - including the password (pwd163) and the action to execute (zzz)My Cpanel was affected by a malware attack.The WordPress admin not getting it.in Cpanel .htacess file i can not edit/delete .when i try to delete folder its regenerating . 1) WordPress wp-config.php Hack. The wp-config.php is an important file for every WP installation. It is the configuration file used by the site and acts as the bridge between the WP file system and the database. The wp-config.php file contains sensitive information such as: Database host. Username, password, & port number.Mar 10, 2022 · PHP backdoors provide access to the website’s file system. Anonymous Fox has their own PHP shell named FoxWSO, which is a reskinned version of the classic WSO shell. Usually unable to modify DNS, create email accounts, and/or FTP accounts. Email (SMTPs & PHP mailers)⌗ RewriteRule . /index.php [L] used clamv and scanned the whole server got one file infected so deleted it. idk if this is a virus or issue in the server Sandeep March 24, 2023, 8:32pmTo fix the Sucuri problem go to the Sucuri Settings page, click the Hardening tab and click the Revert Hardening button for the Block PHP Files in WP-CONTENT Directory option setting. To fix the Defender Security problem go to the Security Tweaks page, click the PHP Execution option setting and click the Revert button.grep -ri base64 *. Keep in mind that “base64” can occur in legitimate code as well. Before you delete anything, you’ll want to make sure that you are not deleting a file that is being used by a theme or plugin on your site. A more refined search could look like this: grep --include=*.php -rn . -e "base64_decode".It worked without problem before the malware lock360.php attacking all my websites. Now most of my websites have this problem. It also has the same problem on clicking the icon for update packages on the left top menu of the Dashboard. I have deactived all plugins on ballet.satimis.com Problem still remains. Regards2. I am editing the .htacess file in cpannel using the c-pannel editor. 3. To be sure i completely removed the addon domain and again added it, But as soon as the addon domain folder gets created, even the htaccess file is getting created automatically (not yet added the website content). 4.Jun 20, 2023 · PHP is the backbone of almost every popular CMS today. Thanks to its simplicity and license-free nature, PHP is the preferred choice for dynamic website development. However, due to poor coding standards, compromising PHP sites has become relatively easy. The internet is full of help threads where users complain about custom PHP website hacked or PHP website redirects hack. This has led to a ... Aug 29, 2021 · To fix the Sucuri problem go to the Sucuri Settings page, click the Hardening tab and click the Revert Hardening button for the Block PHP Files in WP-CONTENT Directory option setting. To fix the Defender Security problem go to the Security Tweaks page, click the PHP Execution option setting and click the Revert button. How to stop lock360.php. Is there any way to stop lock360.php, the malware backdoor php, be infected? It happens from time to time found on wp-admin/maint/ on scanning. The topic ‘How to stop lock360.php’ is closed to new replies.@sterndata This is what I see for my dashboard. Skip to main content Skip to toolbar Dashboard Dashboard Home Updates 20 Posts Posts All Posts Add New Categories Tags Media Media Library Add New Pages Pages All Pages Add New Comments 00 Comments in moderation Appearance Appearance Themes Customise Widgets Menus Header Background newshop-ecommerce 6 Install Plugins Header Background Theme ...Aug 11, 2022 · phpViruses. Some PHP Shell and backdoors i found recently. Story. One of my sites attacked by a set of viruses named "Japanese Virus" Recently. a jobless guy used a hole in my site and uploaded several shells and backdoors in directories. after many attempts to detect and delete them, i download entire site and use VS Code search for 'eval', 'base64' and some other common used statements in ... Feb 22, 2022 · The first POST was likely used to upload the lock360.php file, the second POST to launch the process using the php command. Screenshot of about.php (partial) A few seconds later, the very first access to lock360.php uses a GET action "check", which seems to be a helper function to verify, whether the process was started or not. Those redirects will rely on the function RewriteRule and will sometimes be preceeded by the conditions set by RewriteCond, just as a default .htaccess file would do. This can make spotting those bad codes hard for users that aren’t familiar with the website’s configuration. Examples of this type of malware are (URLs were invalid): 1. 2. 3 ...Grow your business. The Wave Content to level up your business.; Partners Work with a partner to get up and running in the cloud, or become a partner. Find a partner Become a partner index.phpやabout.phpにアクセスがあると. l.phpを動かして. .htaccessファイルを上書きするようになってたから. ブログにアクセスがあるうちは作業できないと思います。. そんでこっからがMAX恐ろしい！. 同じサーバー内で展開してた5つのブログが. 軒並み汚染され ...Aug 29, 2021 · See if there are extra spaces at the top and/or at the bottom of your functions.php file. If so, then remove those extra spaces. Try to increase your memory limit, specially if your wordpress site uses graphical/image related plugins. In your wp-config.php file, define( 'WP_MEMORY_LIMIT', '256M' ); . If you can do that, I will pay you $30.00 for your work. You will be paid when the article is published. If you are interested, please contact me at my email address: [email protected]. I look forward to hearing from you. This is a great opportunity for a newbie to get some experience and make some money. Thank you very much Michael Adams Owner www.lock360.com [email protected] ...May 16, 2020 · Cómo funciona lock360.php. Como ya dije no entiendo mucho de php pero ahí lo dejo. Aparentemente hackearon la web por medio de un plugin sin soporte, se creaba un archivo lock360.php en el directorio raíz que a su vez creaba el wp-m.php, con el cual modificaban el acceso a las carpetas, \wp-includes\Requests\Auth para crear una copia del ... Apr 9, 2021 · 2. I am editing the .htacess file in cpannel using the c-pannel editor. 3. To be sure i completely removed the addon domain and again added it, But as soon as the addon domain folder gets created, even the htaccess file is getting created automatically (not yet added the website content). 4. Those redirects will rely on the function RewriteRule and will sometimes be preceeded by the conditions set by RewriteCond, just as a default .htaccess file would do. This can make spotting those bad codes hard for users that aren’t familiar with the website’s configuration. Examples of this type of malware are (URLs were invalid): 1. 2. 3 ...
Oct 30, 2022 · UMAR-MOBITSOLUTIONS Asks: Files in my web directory creating automatically after deletion .htaccess and index.php I am facing a strange issue today, in my web directory "index.php" and ".htaccess" files are creating automatically, when i delete them they are created automatically again with old file creation datetime see screenshot below: . Kmsweusl
Mar 10, 2022 · PHP backdoors provide access to the website’s file system. Anonymous Fox has their own PHP shell named FoxWSO, which is a reskinned version of the classic WSO shell. Usually unable to modify DNS, create email accounts, and/or FTP accounts. Email (SMTPs & PHP mailers)⌗ .htacces、about.php、content.php、lock360.php、wp-info.phpと、一部の(不審な)index.phpがアクセスされても動作しないように変更されたようだ。 このときに、ドメインBのプラグイン型WebShell(1)と、imgディレクトリなどに隠された一部の不正ファイルが残ってしまったようだ。phpViruses. Some PHP Shell and backdoors i found recently. Story. One of my sites attacked by a set of viruses named "Japanese Virus" Recently. a jobless guy used a hole in my site and uploaded several shells and backdoors in directories. after many attempts to detect and delete them, i download entire site and use VS Code search for 'eval', 'base64' and some other common used statements in ...phpViruses. Some PHP Shell and backdoors i found recently. Story. One of my sites attacked by a set of viruses named "Japanese Virus" Recently. a jobless guy used a hole in my site and uploaded several shells and backdoors in directories. after many attempts to detect and delete them, i download entire site and use VS Code search for 'eval', 'base64' and some other common used statements in ...Apr 25, 2022 · Posts. If you see these hidden hacker plugins: wp-dester or wp-dest and wpyii2 under your WordPress /plugins/ folder then you need to check the Cron tool in your hosting account for a malicious hacker cron job. Delete these hacker plugins first then delete the malicious cron job. Also delete this folder in your hosting account root folder ... {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"":{"items":[{"name":".well-known","path":".well-known","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"application","path ...May 19, 2020 · 2 years, 9 months ago. wordpress website create .htaccess files automatic in all folder. this is code How to solve this problem? <FilesMatch “. (py|exe|php)$”>. Order allow,deny. Deny from all. </FilesMatch>. <FilesMatch “ (about.php|radio.php|index.php|content.php|lock360.php)$”>. Order allow,deny. Apr 28, 2021 · First delete the infected four images, and check your cron and delete any cron job you didn't create. Run this in a SSH session to delete all .htaccess files within all sub directories: find . -type f -perm 0444 -name ".htaccess" -exec echo rm {} \; Use the default WordPress .htaccess, and index.php files. 1 – Look for malicious processes like about.php, lock360.php or radio.php. As we saw from the infected .htaccess, the attackers have created a list of files allowed to run on the server: about.php, radio.php, lock360.php, etc, which prevent any other PHP files from loading.To fix the Sucuri problem go to the Sucuri Settings page, click the Hardening tab and click the Revert Hardening button for the Block PHP Files in WP-CONTENT Directory option setting. To fix the Defender Security problem go to the Security Tweaks page, click the PHP Execution option setting and click the Revert button.PHP - Htaccess Issue - Free PHP Programming Tutorials, Help, Tips, Tricks, and More. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"":{"items":[{"name":".well-known","path":".well-known","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"application","path ... Mar 31, 2023 · with Anti-Malware. We recommend you to download SpyHunter and run free scan to remove all virus files on your PC. This saves you hours of time and effort compared to doing the removal yourself. SpyHunter 5 free remover allows you, subject to a 48-hour waiting period, one remediation and removal for results found. WordPressを運用中のサーバがまるごとPHPマルウェアに感染していた時の対応メモ. (2021.1.26 追記) 本稿の続きを書きました。. 中をのぞいたら、PHP製の複数種類のマルウェアに感染していたので対応をメモ。. 以下の内容は、あくまでも自分の対応時のものです ...Jul 12, 2023 · The admin.php file contains important WordPress administration functionality. The admin.php file serves as the primary engine that drives the wp-admin folder and brings together many of the other files to make them work. For example, the admin.php file checks admin permissions, blocking out users who shouldn’t have access to valuable parts of ... .